Hypertension in the Adult Population in Côte d’Ivoire: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Ekra Kouadio Daniel
Department of Public Health and Specialties, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Abidjan, Félix Houphouet-Boigny University, Côte d’Ivoire and Direction of Coordination of the Expanded Vaccination Program, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Côte d’Ivoire.
Okoubo Guillaume *
Department of Public Health and Specialties, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Abidjan, Félix Houphouet-Boigny University, Côte d’Ivoire and Direction of Coordination of the National Program for the Fight against Metabolic Diseases / Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Côte d’Ivoire.
Orsot Tetchi
Department of Public Health and Specialties, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Abidjan, Félix Houphouet-Boigny University, Côte d’Ivoire and National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Côte d’Ivoire.
Ekou Kokora Franck
Department of Public Health and Specialties, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Abidjan, Félix Houphouet-Boigny University, Côte d’Ivoire and National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objectives: To estimate the current national prevalence of hypertension and to identify associated factors, in a context of increasing cardiovascular diseases and rampant urbanization in Côte d'Ivoire.
Methodology: This was a secondary analysis of data from the survey on the prevalence and characteristics of diabetes in Côte d'Ivoire. The cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 3198 adults aged 20 to 79 years, in the twenty health regions of Côte d'Ivoire from 23 November to 22 December 2017. Risk factors were identified by binary stepwise logistic regression using Stata version 15 software.
Results: The survey population was predominantly female (55%) and lived in urban areas (55.38%). The prevalence of hypertension in Côte d'Ivoire was 39.92% [95% CI : 37.28 - 42.62]. Independent of other factors, hypertension in adults is associated with age, place of residence, education level, marital status, income and nutritional status. However, the consumption of fruits and vegetables is protective of hypertension.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in Côte d'Ivoire is very high with a greater burden in the older populations. Interventions targeting the associated modifiable risk factors are needed to correct this alarming epidemiological situation.
Keywords: Hypertension, prevalence, risk factors, Côte d’Ivoire