Retracted: Overview of Brazilian Malaria Incidence from Environmental, Economic and Spatial Factors in the Amazon and Extra Amazon Region
Marcus Vinicius Carvalho Rodrigues
Department of Medicine, Federal University of Tocantins, Brazil.
Isabela Soares De Souza
Department of Medicine, University of Rio Verde, Brazil.
Letícia Martins Veras Costa
Department of Medicine, University of Uberaba – UNIUBE, Brazil.
José Coelho Da Silva Neto
Department of Medicine, University of Goiatuba –UNICERRADO, Brazil.
Sarah Amorim Leão
Department of Medicine, University of Goiatuba – UNICERRADO, Brazil.
Bruna Da Silva Coelho
University of Uniasselvi, Brazil.
Leydinaria Pereira da Silva
Department of Soils and Plant Nutrition, Metropolitan University of Anapolis, Brazil.
Ricardo Moreira Milhomem
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Tocantins, Brazil.
Karla Cristina Assis Silva
Department of Psychology, University of Gurupi, Brazil.
Patricia Midom Di Napoli Oliveira *
Department of Psychology, University of Brasília – UniCEUB, Brazil.
Mariana Carvalho Rodrigues
Department of Medicine, University of Gurupi, Brazil.
Pillar Barros Veras
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Tocantins, Brazil.
Bruno Henrique Di Napoli Nunes
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Tocantins, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium and its infection can occur in several ways, being the most common through the bite of the female mosquito Anopheles darlingi. The life cycle of the vector is related to the dynamics of the ecosystem, situations such as global warming generate a great concern regarding the possible amplification of the reproduction capacity of vectors according to climate change. These diseases are much more frequent in regions where the climate is tropical, such as Brazil. The incidence of the vector is characterized by several factors, such as biological, ecological, sociopolitical, cultural, and economic factors, the latter influence health expenditures in Brazil regarding the preventive measures of infection. The economic impact includes expenses with any health care, lost service days, loss of classes in the education system, as well as lower income at work due to brain injuries, among others. Malaria breeds poverty and poverty breeds Malaria. Through the Factorial Planning method: A brief review, data were collected in all Brazilian regions affected by the disease. The research strategy consisted of the use of the keywords in English: 1. Climate Change in Brazil; 2. Anopheles Darlingi vector life cycle; 3. Impact of climate change on the life cycle of Anopheles Darlingi; 4. Sensitive socioeconomic factors. Finally, this set of data suggests that public health programs act strategically in the population conjuncture, on the fronts of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease.
Retraction Notice: This paper has been retracted from the journal after receipt of written complains. This journal is determined to promote integrity in research publication. This retraction is in spirit of the same. After formal procedures editor(s) and publisher have retracted this paper on 30th April-2024.