The Liver Function Score – “ALBI” Sets Apart Melioidosis, Scrub Typhus from Viral Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, Enteric Fever in a III-II Grade Score: Useful in Machine Learning and AI
Sriram Kannan
Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Disease, ICMR Hqrs., Delhi, India.
Apoorva Pandey
Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Disease, ICMR Hqrs., Delhi, India.
Suchita Singh
Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Disease, ICMR Hqrs., Delhi, India.
Soumi Chowdhury
Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Venkat Abhiram Earny
Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Mohammed Ashiq
Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Vandana K. E.
Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Harpreet Kaur *
Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Disease, ICMR Hqrs., Delhi, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
ALBI (Albumin-Bilirubin) score is routinely used in grading liver function of hepatocarcinoma and hepatitis patients. In this purposive review, the published values of serum albumin, bilirubin in Viral hepatitis, Tuberculosis, Scrub typhus, Enteric fever has been compared with that of melioidosis. Since PubMed yielded zero searches with key words “albumin, bilirubin, melioidosis”, it was searched in Google Scholar, a better retrievable search engine. This yielded 46 relevant articles with 53 ALBI scores for Melioidosis. An equivalent search to retrieve 53 ALBI scores was made in Google Scholar for other confounding diseases of Melioidosis with search words “albumin, bilirubin, hepatitis” “albumin, bilirubin, tuberculosis”, “albumin, bilirubin, scrub typhus”, “albumin, bilirubin, enteric fever”. This raw data was deposited in Harvard dataverse (https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QEW20J) and subsequent analysis done is documented in this article. This placed Melioidosis patients and Scrub typhus patients to be on an average grade III ALBI and the patients of Viral hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Enteric fever in grade II ALBI.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Keywords: ALBI, melioidosis, tuberculosis, scrub typhus, enteric fever