Mortality Due to COVID-19 in the Elderly: Integrative Literature Review
Dayara de Nazaré Rosa de Carvalho *
Program in Nursing at the State University of Pará (PPGENF / UEPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil.
Viviane Ferraz Ferreira de Aguiar
Program in Tropical Diseases, Center for Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pará (PPGdt/UFPA), Nursing Faculty/ICS/UFPA and University Center UNIFAMAZ, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Dandara de Fátima Ribeiro Bendelaque
Paraense Teaching College (FAPEN), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Lorena Nayara Alves Neves
Metropolitan University Center of the Amazon (UNIFAMAZ), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Celice Ruanda Oliveira Sobrinho
Metropolitan University Center of the Amazon (UNIFAMAZ), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Jaqueline Dantas Neres Martins
State University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Rafael Everton Assunção Ribeiro da Costa
Medical Academic, State University of Piauí (UESPI), Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
Susi dos Santos Barreto de Souza
Oncology from the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Mônica Custódia do Couto Abreu Pamplona
Graduate Program in Nursing, State University of Pará (PPGENF / UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Marcia Helena Machado Nascimento
Graduate Program in Nursing, State University of Pará (PPGENF / UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Antônia Margareth Moita Sá
Graduate Program in Nursing, State University of Pará (PPGENF / UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Elisa da Silva Feitosa
Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Faculdade Pan Amazônica (FAPAN), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Ivonete Vieira Pereira Peixoto
Graduate Program in Nursing, State University of Pará (PPGENF / UEPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Explore national and international literature about mortality in elderly caused by COVID-19.
Methodology: An integrative literature review was performed using the databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed/Medline (National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health/Medical Literature Analyzes Sand Retrieval System Online) and Cochrane Library. The selection of articles occurred from the combination of the descriptors: “Coronavirus Infections”; “Aged” and “Mortality” mediated by the Boolean operator “AND”. After evaluating and synthesizing the articles, the data were analyzed using the IRaMuTeQ software, a program that is anchored in the R software.
Results: After analyzing the identification of textual domains and interpretation, 4 classes emerged: 1) The importance of tests for the control and good prognosis of infection in the elderly; 2) Predictors related to high mortality in the elderly; 3) Comorbidities associated with a high mortality rate; 4) The reasons for the transmission of the virus are more worrying in the elderly.
Conclusion: The elderly population presents different risks for mortality, an example of physiological changes such as immune senescence, critical, social and psychological factors and the presence of comorbidities.
Keywords: Coronavirus, infections, mortality, elderly